NUTRITION AND RESPIRATION IN ORGANISMS - II : BRIEF ANSWERS

ANSWER IN BRIEF

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1. Describe Aerobic respiration.
   
   ANS: The respiration that takes place in the presence of oxygen is called aerobic respiration. Majority of the organisms show aerobic respiration.
   
   During aerobic respiration glucose is completely broken down into carbon dioxide and water and the energy that is released is stored in ATP.
   
   Since the process takes place in the cell it is called Cellular respiration or Internal respiration.
   
   
   
2. Describe Anaerobic respiration.
   
   ANS: Anaerobic respiration takes place in the absence of oxygen. It is seen in micro-organisms like bacteria, yeast, fungi, endoparasites and in muscle cells.
   
   In plants, carbon dioxide and ethanol are formed as end products.
   
   
   
   Lactic acid is formed as end product in muscle cells.
   
3. How does the respiration in plants differ from that in animals ?
   
   ANS: The respiration in plants differs from that in animals in the following ways :
   
   
   
   • All parts of a plant like root, stem and leaf perform respiration individually.
     
   • There is little transport of gases from one part of plant to another.
     
   • The rate of respiration in plants is much slower than that in animals.
     
   
   
4. Distinguish between aerobic and anaerobic respiration.
   
   ANS:
   
   
5. What is photolysis? Give reaction.
   
   ANS:Photolysis is the process of breaking a molecule with the help of light. For example, photolysis of water during light phase of photosynthesis:
   
   H₂O ---> 2H⁺ + 1/2 O₂ + 2e^-
   
   
6. Distinguish between breathing and (cellular) respiration.
   
   ANS: