NON-METALS - II : BRIEF ANSWERS

ANSWER IN BRIEF

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1. Explain with example : Reaction of nonmetals with chlorine.
   

   ANS: Nonmetals form chlorides with chlorine. These chlorides are usually in gaseous state.
   
   
   



2. Explain with example : Reaction of nonmetals with hydrogen.
   

   ANS: Nonmetals form covalent hydrides with hydrogen.
   
   
   
   Methane (CH₄), hydrochloric acid (HCl), etc. are hydrides of nonmetals.
   



3. Mention physical properties of hydrogen.
   

   ANS:
   

   
   
   • It is lighter than air.
     
   • It is a colourless, tasteless and odourless gas.
     
   • It is insoluble in water.
     
   • It is neutral gas (it does not change the colour of litmus paper).
     

   
   

   
   
4. Mention uses of hydrogen.
   

   ANS:
   

   
   
   • Hydrogen Welding : When an electric arc is passed through hydrogen, it splits into atoms which release large amount of heat when they recombine to form molecules. This heat is used to melt and join (weld) the metals.
     
   • In the manufacture of ammonia by Haber's process.
     
   • In the manufacture of methanol and hydrochloric acid.
     
   • Liquid hydrogen is used as a fuel in space shuttles.
     
   • In the manufacture of vegetable ghee.
     

   
   

   
   
5. Mention physical properties of sulphur.
   

   ANS:
   

   
   
   • It is pale yellow solid crystalline substance which exists in different forms called allotropes.
     
   • It is odourless and tasteless.
     
   • It is insoluble in water.
     
   • It is soluble in organic solvents like carbon disulphide, toluene (methyl
     benzene), etc.
     

   
   

   
   
6. 
   

   ANS: